Prominent collectors of mammalogical collections in museums of Kyiv
in the context of the history of zoological collections
Igor Zagorodniuk
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-1516
National
Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Cite as
Zagorodniuk, I.
2024. Prominent collectors of mammalogical collections in museums of Kyiv in the context of
the history of zoological collections. GEO&BIO, 26: 183–200.
[In Ukrainian, with English summary]
doi: https://doi.org/10.53452/gb2615
pdf: gb2615-zagorodniuk.pdf
Abstract
The article deals
with the prehistory of the formation of modern zoological collections housed in museums of
Kyiv with a significant mammalogical component. A large part of the oldest collections
appeared as a result of hunting practices and have all the features of trophy collections.
In fact, such collections formed the basis of the first scientific collections and
exhibitions. The collectors and owners of such materials were mainly noble people. The
appearance of small-sized objects was a sign of the next stage of development of collections
that played a more didactic role, were reference specimens for various fauna control
services or objects of special scientific research. Such collections were accumulated
primarily as regional collections with low exhibition value, but important for the education
and professional activity of biologists. The third stage was the systematic collection of
various systematic and ecological groups for research and exhibition purposes. The fourth
process is related to the sustainable functioning of taxidermy laboratories, for which it
was important to have a constant supply of new materials, usually without expeditions or
active collecting. The fifth part of the story, which in recent years has become an
important source of acquisition, is the transfer of private and work collections, exchanges
between museums, and acquisitions of collections from other, smaller institutions. Brief
information about the main museum collections is given. From the entire corps of museum
workers and collectors, a group of those who were closely associated with museums and worked
in them or in related departments that took care of collections was singled out. These
people belong to four groups (one or more): researchers, museologists, collectors, and
taxidermists. A total of 32 people were briefly profiled, divided into two groups: ‘researchers-collectors’
and ‘collectors-taxidermists’. The names of key collectors and researchers whose
materials have enriched museum collections are also given. The dynamics of the ‘museum’
group of persons in time is considered, with the distribution of years of life of each
person. The trends of the current and possible further development of the museum society are
analysed, which by all indications demonstrates a catastrophic decline over time, which
began with the extinction of ‘collecting’ expeditions, the closure of studios
and the loss of taxidermy schools, a general decrease in attention to morphological
materials, and a change in public demands.
Key
words: natural history museums, mammalogical collections, collectors and
museologists, history of research, Ukraine.
Correspondence to
Igor Zagorodniuk;
National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine; 15 Bohdan Khmelnytsky Street, Kyiv,
01030 Ukraine; Email: zoozag@ukr.net
Article
info
Submitted: 01.09.2024. Revised: 30.10.2024. Accepted: 12.11.2024
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